Product Details
Lifecycle: Biennial
Hardiness Zones: 4–8
Mature Size: 3–4 ft tall × 18–24 in wide
Sun: Full sun to partial shade
Soil: Average, well-drained, consistently moist
Bloom Season: Late spring to early summer
Flower Color: Pure white
Approximate Seeds Per Packet: 300
USDA Zones: 4–8 (biennial)
Overwinters reliably as a rosette in Zones 4–8
In Zones 9+, may perform as a cool-season annual
Requires winter chill to flower properly
Growing Guide
Sowing Depth
Surface sow or barely cover seed. Press gently into the soil; light aids germination.
Germination Time
Approximately 14–21 days
Starting Indoors
Sow indoors in late winter using a fine seed-starting mix. Maintain temperatures around 68°F (20°C) and keep soil evenly moist but not wet. Once germinated, move seedlings to cooler, bright conditions to encourage sturdy growth.
Starting Outdoors
Direct sow from late spring through midsummer in a nursery bed. Thin seedlings once established. Plants will overwinter as basal rosettes and flower the following season.
When to Set Outside
Transplant in spring after the risk of hard frost has passed.
Placement & Cultivation
Plant toward the back of borders, along woodland edges, or among shrubs where height and vertical structure are needed. Afternoon shade is beneficial in warmer climates. Mulch to conserve moisture and keep roots cool.
Final Spacing
18–24 inches
Water Requirements
Moderate — approximately 1 inch per week during active growth.
Soil pH
Neutral to slightly alkaline
Fertilizer
Incorporate compost prior to planting. Additional feeding is rarely necessary.
Pests & Diseases
Monitor for slugs and snails, particularly on young plants. Use iron phosphate pellets, crushed eggshells, or diatomaceous earth as needed.
Cut Flower Use
Harvest when the lower flowers on the spike begin to open.

